Introduction
Table of Contents
The annual global coffee producers’ meeting in San Jose, Costa Rica focused on strategies to reduce the negative effects of rising global temperatures on coffee crops.
Climate Change: A Growing Threat to Coffee Production
Early Warnings from Experts
Although it is still early to fully assess the long-term impacts of climate change on coffee-growing regions, experienced international coffee experts warned that coffee producers must step up efforts to minimize adverse effects. They urged improvements in production practices and environmentally friendly pest and disease control methods.
Keynote Insights from ASIC President Andria Illy
At the 24th International Scientific Conference on Coffee, organized by the Association for Science and Information on Coffee (ASIC), Andria Illy highlighted that while the full range of negative consequences is not yet defined, there are already clear signs of impact in Central America and Colombia.
Coffee plants are highly vulnerable to extreme weather events—including heat waves, droughts, and heavy rains—which are increasingly linked to climate change. Illy cautioned that as global temperatures continue to rise, coffee growers may eventually be forced to move cultivation to higher, cooler elevations.
Sustainable Solutions for Coffee Growers
Efficient Water Use
Climate-change and coffee researcher Van de Vocer emphasized the need to use water more efficiently and reduce chemical inputs. He recommended capturing and using rainwater for irrigation and in coffee processing. With next-generation processing equipment, coffee growers could cut water needs by up to 10%.
Currently, producing just 2 kilograms of coffee requires about 1 cubic meter of water worldwide.
Reducing Chemical Inputs
Van de Vocer also urged investment in scientific research to develop coffee varieties with stronger natural resistance to pests and diseases, such as leaf spot and coffee borer infestations. He noted that some Central American countries have achieved positive results by intercropping coffee with forest trees to help offset climate impacts.
Coffee and Human Health Benefits
Reversing Negative Perceptions
ASIC health researcher James Coughlin observed that many negative claims about coffee’s impact have been overturned by recent scientific and medical studies.
Proven Health Advantages
Research shows that coffee consumption can lower the risk of certain cancers, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes. The caffeine in coffee also provides beneficial effects for human health.
ASIC research indicates that drinking three to four cups of coffee a day, each containing no more than about 100 milligrams of caffeine, can be highly beneficial for overall health.
Conclusion
The conference highlighted the urgent need for climate change adaptation strategies and sustainable coffee-growing practices, while also reaffirming the health benefits of coffee consumption backed by scientific evidence.